References

References

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5. Copenhagen Institute of Future Studies (2026): Technology megatrends for O&G towards 2050. Contact: Martin Kruse - Director of Sustainability and Resources & Futurist at CIFS; mkr@cifs.dk
6. Ministry of Finance (2021): Rundskriv R-109/2021 - Prinsipper og krav ved utarbeidelse av samfunnsøkonomiske analyser. Download: https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/upload/fin/vedlegg/okstyring/rundskriv/faste/r_109_2021.pdf
7. Pereira Nunes, J. P., G. S. Seabra, L. C. de Sousa (2024): A review of CO2-injection projects in the Brazilian Pre-Salt - Storage capacity and geomechanical constraints. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Volume 137,104232. Download: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104232
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21. Gea, F. (2026): "Five years ago nobody was talking about the replacement, right? It was forgotten. But we need to start thinking about how we are going to replace the current production in the coming years". Statement during CERAWeek, Houston, March 2026 (Repsol).
22. Stern, A. (2026): "Everybody is refocusing to try and do more exploration again. There's always a balance then in organic exploration and inorganic and the difference is really the timing, how long it takes to get to production there...". Statement in interview with Reuters, March 27, 2026 (OMV).
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27. FORCE was established in 1995 and is a collaborative forum for sustainable recovery, improved exploration as well as energy efficiency and the environment, where oil and gas companies and authorities in Norway collaborate. Download: https://www.sodir.no/en/force/
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29. Panieri, G., C. Argentino, S. P. Ramalho, F. Vulcano, A. Savini, L. Fallati, T. Brekke, G. Galimberti, F. Riva, J. Balsa, M. H. Eilertsen, R. Stokke, I. H. Steen, D. Sahy, D. Kalenitchenko, S. Büenz, R. Mattingsdal (2024): An Arctic natural oil seep investigated from space to the seafloor. Science of The Total Environment,Volume 907,167788. Download: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167788
30. Kilhams, B., L. Chedburn, L. Layfield, N. Schofield, I. Løkling Lunde, L. Kennan, H. Romain, D. Jolley, C. Haug Eide (2022): Challenges and opportunities for hydrocarbon exploration within the Mesozoic sub-basalt plays of the Norwegian Atlantic Margin. Petroleum Geoscience (2022) 28 (4), petgeo2022-022. Download: https://doi.org/10.1144/petgeo2022-022
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32. Rumsfeld, D. H. (2002): U.S. Department of Defense, DoD News Briefing, Transcript. Download: https://usinfo.org/wf-archive/2002/020212/epf202.html Quote D. H. Rumsfeld: “Reports that say that something hasn't happened are always interesting to me, because as we know, there are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns – the ones we don't know we don't know.”
33. Žižek, S. (2006): Philosophy, the "unknown knowns", and the public use of reason. Topoi 25, 137–142. Download: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-006-0021-2
34. Gassco (2023): Vurdering av gasstransportalternativer fra Barentshavet sør. Download: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/39fd87433a4f4c6ba92d1da8d8d4e95d/barentshavet-vurderinger-og-observasjoner-2023.pdf
35. Gassco (2026): Annual report 2025, page 20. Download: https://gassco.eu/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/EN-Annual-Report-2026.pdf
36. Hoel, M. (2022): Historisk lønnsomhet i petroleumssektoren. Rapport 2022/45, Vista Analyse. Download: https://www.vista-analyse.no/en/publications/historisk-lonnsomhet-i-petroleumssektoren/
37. Rønnevik, H. C., A. Jørstad, J. E. Lie (2017): The discovery process behind the giant Johan Sverdrup field. R. K. Merrill and C. A. Sternbach, eds., Giant Fields of the Decade 2000–2010: AAPG Memoir 113, p. 195–220. Download: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345040211_The_Discovery_Process_behind_the_Giant_Johan_Sverdrup_Field

Updated: 9/8/2026